A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVA radiation. It can be unstable on its own and is often combined with other filters.
Usually helps with
UVA protection
Watch for
Can degrade with UV exposure if not stabilized
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB radiation. It is often used to enhance the efficacy of other filters.
Usually helps with
UVB protection
Watch for
Potential endocrine disruptor concerns
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB radiation. It is effective but has raised environmental concerns regarding coral reefs.
Usually helps with
UVB protection
Watch for
Environmental concerns, potential endocrine disruptor
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB radiation. It is often used to boost the SPF and improve the solubility of other filters.
Usually helps with
UVB protection
Watch for
Can be a skin irritant for some
UV Filter
Ethylhexyl Methoxycrylene
A chemical sunscreen agent that helps to protect against UV radiation and can also act as a photostabilizer for other filters.
Usually helps with
UV protection, photostabilization
Watch for
Generally considered safe and effective
UV Filter
Butyloctyl Salicylate
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB radiation. It is often used to improve the feel and spreadability of sunscreen formulations.
Usually helps with
UVB protection, formulation enhancer
Watch for
Generally considered safe and effective
The base of the formulation, dissolving other ingredients.
Usually helps with
Hydration
A humectant that draws moisture to the skin, improving hydration and texture.
Usually helps with
Hydration, texture improvement
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for very sensitive skin
Emulsifier
Dextrin Palmitate
Helps to blend oil and water components in the formula, contributing to a smooth texture.
Usually helps with
Texture, emulsion stability
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated
Texture Enhancer
Polymethylsilsesquioxane
A silicone derivative that provides a smooth, silky feel and can help absorb oil.
Usually helps with
Silky texture, mattifying effect
Watch for
Some individuals may be sensitive to silicones
A classic humectant that attracts water to the skin, providing essential hydration.
Usually helps with
Hydration, skin barrier support
Skin Conditioning Agent
Lactobacillus Ferment Lysate
A probiotic-derived ingredient that can help support the skin's natural microbiome and barrier function.
Usually helps with
Skin barrier support, soothing
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated
Soothing Agent
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Polysaccharides
Derived from aloe vera, these compounds are known for their soothing, hydrating, and anti-inflammatory properties.
Usually helps with
Soothing, hydration, calming irritation
Humectant
Sodium Hyaluronate
The salt form of hyaluronic acid, it effectively attracts and retains moisture in the skin.
Usually helps with
Intense hydration, plumping
Can help reduce puffiness and has antioxidant properties, potentially offering some protection against environmental damage.
Usually helps with
Reducing puffiness, antioxidant protection
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some
Film Former
Sodium Polyaspartate
Helps to create a smooth film on the skin, improving texture and potentially providing a slight tightening effect.
Usually helps with
Texture, smoothing
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated
Skin Conditioning Agent
7-Dehydrocholesterol
A precursor to Vitamin D, it plays a role in skin health and barrier function.
Usually helps with
Skin health, barrier function
A skin-conditioning agent that also has preservative properties, helping to keep the formula stable.
Usually helps with
Emollience, preservation
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some
Film Former
Acrylates Copolymer
Forms a continuous film on the skin, which can help with texture and longevity.
Usually helps with
Texture, film-forming
A sugar alcohol that acts as a humectant, drawing moisture to the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration
A silicone that provides a smooth, silky feel and helps to lock in moisture.
Usually helps with
Smoothing, moisture retention
Watch for
Some individuals may be sensitive to silicones
Emulsifier
Polyglyceryl-2 Stearate
Helps to mix oil and water ingredients, creating a stable emulsion.
Usually helps with
Emulsion stability
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated
A sugar that can act as a humectant, helping to attract and retain moisture.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Humectant
Saccharide Isomerate
A carbohydrate complex that binds to skin cells, providing long-lasting hydration.
Usually helps with
Long-lasting hydration
Humectant
Hydroxyethyl Urea
A derivative of urea that is highly effective at attracting and retaining moisture.
Usually helps with
Intense hydration
Surfactant
PPG-8-Ceteth-20
A non-ionic surfactant used to help solubilize ingredients and improve the texture of the formula.
Usually helps with
Texture, ingredient solubilization
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some
Surfactant
Sorbeth-30 Tetraisostearate
A non-ionic surfactant used to help solubilize ingredients and create a smooth texture.
Usually helps with
Texture, ingredient solubilization
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some
Emulsifier
Glyceryl Stearate
An emulsifier that helps to bind oil and water, creating a stable and smooth texture.
Usually helps with
Texture, emulsion stability
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated
Emulsifier
Sorbitan Sesquiisostearate
An emulsifier that helps to blend oil and water ingredients.
Usually helps with
Emulsion stability
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some
pH Adjuster
Potassium Hydroxide
Used to adjust the pH of the formula to ensure stability and efficacy.
Usually helps with
Formula stability
Watch for
Can be irritating in high concentrations
A thickening agent that gives the product its gel-like consistency.
Usually helps with
Texture, viscosity
Humectant
Dipropylene Glycol
A humectant that helps to draw moisture to the skin and can also act as a solvent.
Usually helps with
Hydration, solvent
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some
Thickener
Dehydroxanthan Gum
A natural gum used to thicken the formula and improve its texture.
Usually helps with
Texture, viscosity
A fatty alcohol that softens and smooths the skin, also acting as an emulsifier.
Usually helps with
Softening, smoothing, emulsion stability
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated
Thickener
Sodium Polyacryloyldimethyl Taurate
A synthetic polymer used to thicken the formula and improve its texture.
Usually helps with
Texture, viscosity
A humectant that helps to draw moisture to the skin and can also act as a solvent.
Usually helps with
Hydration, solvent
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some
Film Former
Acrylates/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Copolymer
A polymer that forms a film on the skin, contributing to texture and longevity.
Usually helps with
Texture, film-forming
Thickener
Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer
A thickening agent that helps to give the product its desired consistency.
Usually helps with
Texture, viscosity
Antioxidant
Tocopheryl Acetate
A form of Vitamin E that acts as an antioxidant, helping to protect the skin from free radical damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
A synthetic antioxidant used to prevent oxidation and preserve the product. Some concerns exist regarding its potential health effects.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Potential skin irritant, debated health effects
Chelating Agent
Disodium EDTA
Helps to improve the stability and efficacy of the product by binding to metal ions.
Usually helps with
Formula stability
pH Adjuster
Sodium Citrate
Used to adjust the pH of the formula.
Usually helps with
Formula stability
Used to adjust the pH of the formula.
Usually helps with
Formula stability
Watch for
Can be a mild exfoliant at higher concentrations
Preservative
Potassium Sorbate
A common preservative used to prevent the growth of mold and yeast.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some
Preservative
Sodium Benzoate
A common preservative used to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some
Preservative
Phenoxyethanol
A widely used preservative that helps to prevent bacterial contamination.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some
A synthetic colorant used to give the product its red hue. Some individuals may be sensitive to artificial colors.
Watch for
Potential for irritation or allergic reaction in sensitive individuals