The base of the formulation.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Attracts water to the skin, providing hydration and helping to maintain the skin's moisture barrier.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dry
Emollient/Occlusive
Dimethicone
Forms a protective barrier on the skin, reducing water loss and providing a smooth feel. Can sometimes feel heavy for very oily skin.
Usually helps with
Dry, normal, combination skin
Watch for
Can be comedogenic for some acne-prone individuals
Emollient/Texturizer
Dimethicone Crosspolymer
Provides a silky, smooth feel and helps to create a breathable barrier. Less likely to feel heavy than dimethicone.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emollient/Emulsifier
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate
Helps to soften and smooth the skin, and aids in blending oil and water ingredients.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emulsifier/Thickener
Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer
Helps to stabilize the formula and create its gel-cream texture.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Humectant/Soothing
Imperata Cylindrica (Cogon Grass) Root Extract
Known for its ability to help skin retain moisture, especially in dry climates.
Usually helps with
Dry, normal skin
Emollient
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride
A skin-conditioning agent derived from coconut oil and glycerin that helps to replenish skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Solvent/Humectant
Methylpropanediol
Helps to dissolve other ingredients and can improve skin hydration.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A stable, plant-derived oil that mimics the skin's natural oils, providing moisture and improving suppleness without feeling greasy.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dry or acne-prone
Emollient/Emulsifier
Cetyl Alcohol
A fatty alcohol that helps to soften and smooth the skin, and also acts as a thickener.
Usually helps with
Dry, normal skin
Watch for
Can be a potential irritant for very sensitive skin
Emollient
Meadowfoam Estolide
A derivative of meadowfoam seed oil, known for its moisturizing and skin-conditioning properties.
Usually helps with
Dry, normal skin
Skin Conditioning
Dipalmitoyl Hydroxyproline
An amino acid derivative that helps to firm and moisturize the skin.
Usually helps with
Mature, dry skin
A fatty acid ester that helps to condition and soften the skin.
Usually helps with
Dry, normal skin
A component of the skin's natural moisturizing factor, it helps to attract and bind moisture to the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A powerful humectant that also has mild exfoliating properties at higher concentrations. In this formulation, it primarily aids hydration.
Usually helps with
Dry, rough skin
Watch for
Can cause stinging at higher concentrations or on broken skin
A thickening agent used to create the gel texture.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Preservative
Phenoxyethanol
A common preservative to prevent microbial growth in the product.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Can be an irritant for some sensitive individuals
Emollient/Preservative Booster
Caprylyl Glycol
Helps to improve skin hydration and can enhance the effectiveness of preservatives.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Skin Conditioning
Collagen Amino Acids
Hydrolyzed collagen peptides that help to hydrate and improve skin's texture and appearance.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially aging
Solvent/Humectant
Propanediol
A plant-derived glycol that helps to improve hydration and the absorption of other ingredients.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Antioxidant
Haematococcus Pluvialis Extract
A source of astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant that helps protect skin from environmental damage.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially aging
A sugar that helps skin retain moisture and protects cells from dehydration.
Usually helps with
Dry, normal skin
Emollient/Skin Conditioning
Linoleic Acid
An essential fatty acid that helps to support the skin barrier and improve hydration.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dry or compromised
Skin Conditioning
Phytosterols
Plant-derived sterols that help to soothe and condition the skin, and can support barrier function.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emollient/Skin Conditioning
Phospholipids
Essential components of cell membranes that help to moisturize and support the skin barrier.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emollient/Emulsifier
Palmitic Acid
A fatty acid that helps to soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
Dry, normal skin
Helps to mix oil and water ingredients. Can be a mild irritant for some.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Potential for irritation in sensitive skin
Emulsifier
Sorbitan Isostearate
Helps to stabilize the emulsion. Can be a mild irritant for some.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Potential for irritation in sensitive skin
Skin Conditioning
Ceramide NG
A type of ceramide that helps to restore and maintain the skin's natural barrier function, improving hydration and resilience.
Usually helps with
Dry, compromised, aging skin
Solvent/Humectant
Hexylene Glycol
Helps to dissolve ingredients and can improve skin hydration.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emulsifier
PEG-10 Phytosterol
An emulsifier that helps to blend oil and water components. Derived from plant sterols.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Humectant/Film Former
Polyquaternium-51
Forms a moisturizing film on the skin, helping to retain hydration.
Usually helps with
Dry, normal skin
Solvent/Plasticizer
Triacetin
A derivative of glycerin used to improve texture and flexibility.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Humectant
Sodium Hyaluronate
A salt form of hyaluronic acid that attracts and holds significant amounts of water, providing intense hydration and plumping.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dry and aging
Thickener
Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer
A synthetic polymer used to thicken cosmetic formulations.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Peptide
Palmitoyl Hexapeptide-12
A peptide that signals the skin to produce more collagen, helping to improve firmness and reduce the appearance of wrinkles.
Usually helps with
Aging, normal, dry skin
pH Adjuster
Sodium Hydroxide
Used to adjust the pH of the product to be safe and effective for skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Can be irritating in high concentrations, but is safe at cosmetic levels
Exfoliant/Humectant
Lactic Acid
An alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) that gently exfoliates the skin, revealing brighter skin, and also acts as a humectant to draw moisture.
Usually helps with
Dull, dry, aging skin
Watch for
Can increase sun sensitivity; use sunscreen