The base for most cosmetic formulations.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Softens and smooths the skin.
Usually helps with
Dryness
Emollient
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate
Helps to spread the product evenly and provides a smooth feel.
Usually helps with
Texture
Attracts water to the skin, providing hydration.
Usually helps with
Dryness, hydration
Emollient
Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter
Moisturizes and conditions the skin, rich in fatty acids and vitamins.
Usually helps with
Dryness, barrier support
Provides a smooth, non-greasy feel on the skin.
Usually helps with
Texture
Emollient
Zea Mays (Corn) Germ Oil
A plant-derived oil that can help to soften and condition the skin.
Usually helps with
Dryness
Watch for
Potential for comedogenicity in very acne-prone individuals.
Emulsifier/Emollient
Cetearyl Alcohol
A fatty alcohol that helps to stabilize the formula and condition the skin.
Usually helps with
Texture, emollience
Emulsifier/Emollient
Glyceryl Stearate
Helps to mix oil and water, and provides emollient properties.
Usually helps with
Texture, hydration
Antioxidant/Soothing Agent
Lactobacillus/Portulaca Oleracea Ferment Extract
Contains purslane, known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits.
Usually helps with
Soothing, anti-aging
A sugar alcohol that attracts moisture to the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Humectant/Solvent
Propanediol
A hydrating ingredient that also helps to improve the texture of the product.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Emulsifier
Potassium Cetyl Phosphate
Helps to keep the oil and water components of the cream mixed.
Usually helps with
Formula stability
Derived from coconut oil, it helps to soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
Dryness
Emollient/Occlusive
Dimethicone
Forms a breathable barrier on the skin to prevent moisture loss and provide a smooth feel.
Usually helps with
Smoothing, moisture retention
Watch for
Can feel heavy on very oily skin; some prefer to avoid silicones.
Antioxidant
Tocopheryl Acetate
A form of Vitamin E that helps protect the skin from environmental damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Watch for
Can be less stable than pure tocopherol.
Preservative
Phenoxyethanol
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth in cosmetic products.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can be an irritant for some individuals, especially at higher concentrations.
Emollient
Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides
Helps to condition and soften the skin.
Usually helps with
Emollience
Humectant/Soothing Agent
Panthenol
A form of Vitamin B5 that attracts moisture and has soothing properties.
Usually helps with
Hydration, soothing
A skin-identical lipid that moisturizes and helps to improve skin elasticity.
Usually helps with
Hydration, barrier support
Used to thicken the product and improve its texture.
Usually helps with
Texture
Thickener/Stabilizer
Xanthan Gum
A natural gum used to thicken and stabilize cosmetic formulations.
Usually helps with
Texture
Preservative Booster/Emollient
Ethylhexylglycerin
Enhances the effectiveness of preservatives and can also act as a skin conditioner.
Usually helps with
Preservation, emollience
Watch for
Can be an irritant for some.
Preservative
Potassium Sorbate
A common preservative that prevents the growth of mold and yeast.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can be an irritant for sensitive individuals.
Antioxidant/Preservative
Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate
A natural preservative and antioxidant derived from fermented radish root.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant, preservation
Solvent/Astringent
Alcohol
Can help to dissolve other ingredients and provide a quick-drying finish, but can be drying and irritating for some skin types.
Usually helps with
Texture (in low concentrations)
Watch for
Can be drying and irritating, especially for sensitive or dry skin.
Emollient
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride
A fractionated coconut oil that is easily absorbed and helps to replenish the skin's surface.
Usually helps with
Dryness, emollience
A flavonoid extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis (Chinese Skullcap), known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Usually helps with
Anti-aging, soothing
A derivative of pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5) that helps to moisturize the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Antioxidant
Ascorbyl Palmitate
A fat-soluble form of Vitamin C that provides antioxidant benefits and can help brighten the skin.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection, brightening
Watch for
Less potent and stable than L-Ascorbic Acid; can cause irritation in some.
pH Adjuster/Exfoliant
Citric Acid
Used to adjust the pH of the formula. In higher concentrations, it can act as an AHA exfoliant.
Usually helps with
pH balance
Watch for
Can cause irritation or stinging if the pH is too low.
Pure Vitamin C, a potent antioxidant that brightens skin, stimulates collagen, and protects against free radicals.
Usually helps with
Brightening, anti-aging, antioxidant
Watch for
Can be unstable and irritating, especially at higher concentrations or in certain formulations.