The base for most cosmetic formulations.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Surfactant
Cocamidopropyl Betaine
A mild surfactant used for cleansing and foaming.
Usually helps with
Cleansing
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some
Surfactant
Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate
A gentle cleansing agent that creates foam.
Usually helps with
Cleansing
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated
Attracts water to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and soft.
Usually helps with
Hydration
A common solvent and humectant that helps ingredients penetrate the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration
pH Adjuster
Aminomethyl Propanol
Used to adjust the pH of the product.
Usually helps with
Formulation stability
Helps to mix oil and water components, and can also act as a surfactant.
Usually helps with
Product texture
Watch for
Can sometimes cause irritation
Thickener
Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer
A thickening agent that improves the texture and stability of the product.
Usually helps with
Product texture
Pro-vitamin B5, it moisturizes, soothes, and helps improve skin barrier function.
Usually helps with
Hydration, Soothing
Help to maintain the skin's moisture barrier and improve hydration.
Usually helps with
Moisture barrier
Antioxidant
Tocopheryl Acetate
A form of Vitamin E, it provides antioxidant protection and helps to moisturize the skin.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant, Moisture
Watch for
Can be less stable than other forms of Vitamin E
Antioxidant
Retinyl Palmitate
A less potent form of Vitamin A, it offers antioxidant benefits but is not typically used for significant anti-aging effects in a rinse-off product.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant
Watch for
Can be irritating for some, and its efficacy in a cleanser is limited
Antioxidant
Ascorbyl Palmitate
An oil-soluble form of Vitamin C, it provides antioxidant benefits.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant
Watch for
Less effective than pure L-Ascorbic Acid
Pure Vitamin C, a powerful antioxidant that brightens skin and helps with collagen production.
Usually helps with
Brightening, Antioxidant
Watch for
Can be unstable and degrade over time, especially in water-based formulas
Derived from chitin, it can form a film on the skin and has some moisturizing properties.
Usually helps with
Moisture
Watch for
Can feel slightly tacky
Humectant
Rice Amino Acids
Amino acids derived from rice, they help to hydrate and condition the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Skin Conditioning Agent
Zinc Aspartate
A mineral compound that can help condition the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Soothes, protects, and promotes skin healing.
Usually helps with
Soothing, Healing
A component of the skin's natural moisturizing factor, it helps to attract and bind moisture.
Usually helps with
Hydration
A sugar that can provide mild exfoliation.
Usually helps with
Gentle exfoliation
Watch for
Can be irritating for some
A plant-derived ingredient used to thicken formulations.
Usually helps with
Product texture
Thickener
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose
A synthetic polymer used to thicken and stabilize cosmetic products.
Usually helps with
Product texture
Antioxidant
Propyl Gallate
Used as an antioxidant to prevent product degradation.
Usually helps with
Product stability
Watch for
Can cause skin irritation in some individuals
Chelating Agent
Disodium EDTA
Helps to improve the stability and performance of the product by binding to metal ions.
Usually helps with
Product stability
Watch for
Can enhance penetration of other ingredients
Preservative
Phenoxyethanol
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can cause allergic reactions or irritation in some
A skin-conditioning agent that also has preservative-boosting properties.
Usually helps with
Hydration, Preservation
Preservative
Chlorphenesin
A preservative that helps prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can cause skin irritation or allergic reactions
A common fragrance ingredient derived from citrus peels, it provides a citrus scent.
Watch for
Known allergen, can cause skin irritation and photosensitivity
A naturally occurring fragrance compound found in many flowers and spices, it provides a floral scent.
Watch for
Known allergen, can cause skin irritation
Fragrance
Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Oil
Essential oil from orange peels, used for its scent and potential antioxidant properties.
Watch for
Can cause photosensitivity and irritation
Fragrance
Citrus Nobilis (Mandarin Orange) Peel Oil
Essential oil from mandarin orange peels, used for its scent.
Watch for
Can cause photosensitivity and irritation
Fragrance
Ocimum Basilicum (Basil) Oil
Essential oil from basil, used for its herbaceous scent.
Watch for
Can cause skin irritation
Fragrance
Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Peel Oil
Essential oil from grapefruit peels, used for its scent.
Watch for
Can cause photosensitivity and irritation
Fragrance
Ferula Galbaniflua (Galbanum) Resin Oil
Resin oil from the galbanum plant, used for its green, earthy scent.
Watch for
Can cause skin irritation
Fragrance
Fragrance (Parfum)
A blend of various aromatic compounds, used to give the product a pleasant smell.
Watch for
Can be a common cause of skin irritation and allergic reactions
Colorant
Iron Oxides (CI 77492)
Mineral pigments used to provide color.