A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVA rays. It's often combined with other filters for broad-spectrum protection.
Usually helps with
UVA protection
Watch for
Can degrade without stabilizers
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB rays. It is often used in combination with other filters.
Usually helps with
UVB protection
Watch for
Potential endocrine disruptor concerns
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB rays. It is often used to boost the SPF value of a formulation.
Usually helps with
UVB protection
Watch for
Can be irritating for some
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB and some UVA rays. It also helps to stabilize other sunscreen filters.
Usually helps with
UVB and short-wave UVA protection, stabilizer
Watch for
Potential endocrine disruptor concerns, can be irritating
The base for most skincare formulations, serving as a solvent for other ingredients.
Usually helps with
Hydration
A versatile ingredient that acts as a humectant to draw moisture to the skin and can also improve the penetration of other ingredients.
Usually helps with
Hydration, solvent
Derived from coconut oil, these act as emollients, softening and smoothing the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin softening
Antioxidant
3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid
A stable and effective derivative of Vitamin C that brightens skin, fades dark spots, and offers antioxidant protection against free radical damage.
Usually helps with
Brightening, antioxidant protection, collagen support
Watch for
Can cause mild tingling in some individuals
UV Filter
Butyloctyl Salicylate
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB rays. It also acts as a solvent for other UV filters.
Usually helps with
UVB protection
Emulsifier
Glyceryl Stearate
An emulsifier that helps to mix oil and water, creating a stable product. It also has emollient properties.
Usually helps with
Emulsifying, skin conditioning
A fatty acid that acts as an emollient, helping to soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin softening
Watch for
Can be comedogenic for some
Emollient
Cetearyl Alcohol
A fatty alcohol that acts as an emollient and thickener, helping to soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning, thickening
Emulsifier
Cetearyl Glucoside
A gentle, plant-derived emulsifier that helps to create stable emulsions and has moisturizing properties.
Usually helps with
Emulsifying, moisturizing
A fatty acid that acts as an emollient and emulsifier, helping to soften the skin and stabilize the formulation.
Usually helps with
Skin softening, emulsifying
Watch for
Can be comedogenic for some
Emulsifier
Cetyl Phosphate
An emulsifier that helps to blend oil and water ingredients in a formulation.
Usually helps with
Emulsifying
A natural moisturizing factor that helps to attract and retain moisture in the skin, also has mild exfoliating properties.
Usually helps with
Hydration, exfoliation
Watch for
Can cause stinging at higher concentrations or on broken skin
Skin-Conditioning Agent
Yeast Amino Acids
A blend of amino acids derived from yeast, known for their skin-conditioning and moisturizing properties.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning, hydration
A disaccharide that helps to protect skin cells from dehydration and environmental stress, providing moisture.
Usually helps with
Hydration, protection
A carbohydrate compound that helps to hydrate the skin and improve its barrier function.
Usually helps with
Hydration, skin barrier support
An amino acid that acts as an antioxidant, helping to protect skin cells from damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
A sugar beet-derived ingredient that acts as a humectant, attracting water to the skin for hydration.
Usually helps with
Hydration
A provitamin of B5, it acts as a humectant, attracting water to the skin and improving its barrier function. It also has soothing properties.
Usually helps with
Hydration, soothing, barrier repair
A component of the skin's natural moisturizing factor (NMF), it helps to attract and bind moisture to the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Antioxidant
Tocopheryl Acetate
A stable form of Vitamin E, it acts as an antioxidant to protect the skin from free radical damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Watch for
Can be less potent than other forms of Vitamin E
Emollient
Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil
Rich in fatty acids and vitamins, avocado oil is a nourishing emollient that softens and moisturizes the skin.
Usually helps with
Nourishing, moisturizing
Watch for
Can be heavy for very oily skin
Emollient
Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil
Vegetable oil that has been hydrogenated to create a more stable, solid or semi-solid emollient.
Usually helps with
Skin softening
Vitamin E, a potent antioxidant that protects the skin from environmental damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Watch for
Can be irritating for some
A polysaccharide used as a thickening agent and stabilizer in cosmetic formulations.
Usually helps with
Texture enhancement
Absorbent
Magnesium Aluminum Silicate
A clay mineral used to absorb excess oil and as a thickening agent.
Usually helps with
Oil absorption, texture
A plant-derived polymer used as a thickening agent and binder.
Usually helps with
Texture
Preservative
Ethylhexylglycerin
A preservative that also acts as a skin-conditioning agent. It enhances the efficacy of other preservatives.
Usually helps with
Preservation, skin conditioning
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some
Emollient
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride
Derived from coconut oil and glycerin, it's an excellent emollient that replenishes skin.
Usually helps with
Emollient, skin conditioning
A derivative of cellulose used as a thickening agent and stabilizer.
Usually helps with
Texture
Preservative
Caprylhydroxamic Acid
A preservative that works by chelating iron, which is essential for microbial growth. It's often used in combination with other preservatives.
Usually helps with
Preservation
Watch for
Can cause irritation in some
Chelating Agent
Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate
A chelating agent that binds to metal ions, helping to improve the stability and efficacy of the formulation.
Usually helps with
Stabilization
pH Adjuster
Aminomethyl Propanol
Used to adjust the pH of cosmetic formulations.
Usually helps with
pH balancing
Watch for
Can be irritating at high concentrations
pH Adjuster
Sodium Citrate
A salt of citric acid used to adjust the pH of formulations.
Usually helps with
pH balancing
An alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) used to adjust the pH of formulations and provide mild exfoliation.
Usually helps with
pH balancing, exfoliation
Watch for
Can cause irritation at high concentrations
A fatty acid that can act as an emollient, softening and smoothing the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin softening
UV Filter
Titanium Dioxide
A mineral sunscreen agent that provides broad-spectrum protection by physically blocking UV rays. It is generally considered gentle and non-irritating.
Usually helps with
Broad-spectrum UV protection
Watch for
Can leave a white cast if not formulated properly
A fatty acid that can act as an emollient and cleansing agent.
Usually helps with
Skin softening, cleansing
Watch for
Can be comedogenic for some
A fatty acid that can act as an emollient and cleansing agent.
Usually helps with
Skin softening, cleansing
Watch for
Can be comedogenic for some
Preservative
Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate
A natural preservative derived from fermented radish root, offering antimicrobial properties.
Usually helps with
Preservation
Preservative
Chlorphenesin
A preservative used to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi in cosmetic products.
Usually helps with
Preservation
Watch for
Can cause allergic reactions in some individuals
Preservative
Sodium Benzoate
A common preservative that inhibits the growth of bacteria, yeast, and mold.
Usually helps with
Preservation
Watch for
Can form benzene in the presence of Vitamin C and light
Fragrance Ingredient
Limonene
A common fragrance ingredient derived from citrus peels. It provides a citrus scent.
Usually helps with
Fragrance
Watch for
Potential allergen, can cause skin irritation or photosensitivity
Fragrance Ingredient
Citrus Aurantium Peel Oil
An essential oil derived from the peel of citrus fruits, used for its fragrance.
Usually helps with
Fragrance
Watch for
Can cause skin irritation or photosensitivity
Fragrance Ingredient
Fragrance (Parfum)
A complex mixture of aromatic compounds used to impart scent. The exact composition is usually proprietary.
Usually helps with
Fragrance
Watch for
Can be a common cause of skin irritation and allergic reactions
Colorant
Iron Oxides (CI 77492)
Mineral pigments used to provide color to cosmetic products. They are generally considered safe and non-irritating.
Usually helps with
Coloring