A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVA rays.
Usually helps with
Broad spectrum UV protection
Watch for
Can degrade over time, often paired with stabilizers.
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB rays.
Usually helps with
UVB protection
Watch for
Can be absorbed into the body; some concerns about endocrine disruption.
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB rays.
Usually helps with
UVB protection
Watch for
Can be absorbed into the body.
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB and some UVA rays, also helps stabilize other filters.
Usually helps with
UVB and some UVA protection, stabilizer
Watch for
Can be absorbed into the body; potential for skin irritation in some individuals.
The base of the formula, providing hydration.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Emollient/Occlusive
Dimethicone
A silicone that provides a smooth feel and helps create a protective barrier.
Usually helps with
Smooth texture, skin barrier support
Watch for
Can be comedogenic for some acne-prone skin types.
A powerful humectant that draws water into the skin, improving hydration.
Usually helps with
Hydration, skin barrier support
Humectant/Solvent
Dipropylene Glycol
Helps to attract and retain moisture, and can also act as a solvent.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Watch for
Can be irritating in high concentrations.
Texturizer
Polymethylsilsesquioxane
A silicone derivative that gives a silky, smooth feel and can help absorb oil.
Usually helps with
Smooth texture, mattifying effect
Emollient
Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil
A rich oil known for its moisturizing and antioxidant properties.
Usually helps with
Nourishment, hydration
Watch for
Can be too heavy for very oily skin.
Antioxidant
Tocopheryl Acetate
A form of Vitamin E that helps protect the skin from environmental damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Emulsifier/Texturizer
Dimethicone/PEG-10/15 Crosspolymer
Helps to blend oil and water ingredients and provides a smooth texture.
Usually helps with
Smooth texture, stable emulsion
Preservative
Phenoxyethanol
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can be irritating for sensitive skin in higher concentrations.
Mineral Sunscreen Agent/Pigment
Titanium Dioxide/CI 77891
A mineral sunscreen agent that provides broad-spectrum protection, also used as a white pigment.
Usually helps with
Broad spectrum UV protection, opacity
Watch for
Can leave a white cast, especially on deeper skin tones, though often formulated to be sheer.
Emulsifier/Conditioning Agent
Lauryl PEG-9 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone
Helps to stabilize the formula and provides a smooth feel.
Usually helps with
Smooth texture, stable emulsion
Humectant
Saccharide Isomerate
A plant-derived ingredient that binds moisture to the skin, providing long-lasting hydration.
Usually helps with
Deep hydration
Solvent/Emollient
Isododecane
A solvent that can help spread ingredients and provides a lightweight, non-greasy feel.
Usually helps with
Lightweight feel
Watch for
Can be drying for some.
Humectant
Methyl Gluceth-20
A moisturizing agent derived from glucose.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Emollient
Coco-Caprylate/Caprate
A lightweight, naturally derived emollient that softens and conditions the skin.
Usually helps with
Softening, conditioning
A component of chamomile, known for its anti-inflammatory and soothing properties.
Usually helps with
Calming irritation
Viscosity Adjuster/Tonicity Agent
Sodium Chloride
Used to adjust the thickness of the product.
Usually helps with
Product texture
Humectant
Sodium Hyaluronate
A salt form of hyaluronic acid that attracts and holds moisture in the skin.
Usually helps with
Intense hydration, plumping
Emulsifier/Texturizer
PEG-15/Lauryl Dimethicone Crosspolymer
Helps to blend oil and water ingredients and provides a smooth texture.
Usually helps with
Smooth texture, stable emulsion
A component of the skin's natural moisturizing factor, it helps bind moisture to the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration, skin barrier support
Emulsifier
Polyglyceryl-6 Polyricinoleate
A natural emulsifier derived from castor oil, used to blend oil and water.
Usually helps with
Stable emulsion
Emulsifier/Dispersing Agent
Polyhydroxystearic Acid
Used in mineral sunscreens to help disperse the mineral particles evenly.
Usually helps with
Even dispersion of mineral filters
Colorant
Iron Oxides/CI 77492
Mineral pigments used to provide color.
Usually helps with
Tinting
Colorant
Iron Oxides/CI 77491
Mineral pigments used to provide color.
Usually helps with
Tinting
Colorant
Iron Oxides/CI 77499
Mineral pigments used to provide color.
Usually helps with
Tinting
Skin Conditioning Agent
Yeast Extract
Can provide amino acids and peptides that support skin health.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Emollient
Dilinoleic Acid/Butanediol Copolymer
A synthetic emollient that helps condition the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Emulsifier
Disodium Stearoyl Glutamate
A mild emulsifier derived from amino acids.
Usually helps with
Stable emulsion
Emollient/Solvent
Trisiloxane
A silicone that provides a light, non-greasy feel.
Usually helps with
Lightweight feel
Humectant/Solvent
Propylene Glycol
A common humectant and solvent.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Watch for
Can be irritating for some individuals, especially in higher concentrations.
An emulsifier that helps to mix oil and water.
Usually helps with
Stable emulsion
Watch for
Can be irritating for some.
Preservative
Potassium Sorbate
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Generally considered safe, but can cause irritation in sensitive individuals.
Preservative
Sodium Benzoate
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.
Film Former
Castor Oil/IPDI Copolymer
Helps to form a film on the skin, which can aid in moisture retention and product adherence.
Usually helps with
Film formation, moisture retention
Buffering Agent/Chelating Agent
Sodium Citrate
Used to adjust the pH of the product and can help stabilize the formula.
Usually helps with
pH balance, formula stability
Buffering Agent/Exfoliant
Citric Acid
Used to adjust pH and can offer mild exfoliation at higher concentrations.
Usually helps with
pH adjustment
Watch for
Can be irritating if the pH is too low.
Emollient/Emulsifier
Cetyl Alcohol
A fatty alcohol that softens and smooths the skin, and helps stabilize emulsions.
Usually helps with
Emollient, texture enhancer
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated, but can be comedogenic for some.
Preservative Booster/Emollient
Ethylhexylglycerin
Enhances the effectiveness of preservatives and can also act as a skin conditioner.
Usually helps with
Preservation, skin conditioning
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated.
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Magnesium Ferment
A fermented ingredient that can help improve skin hydration and resilience.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning, hydration
Antioxidant
Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract
Rich in antioxidants, it helps protect the skin from environmental stressors.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Emollient/Emulsifier
Behenic Acid
A fatty acid that helps to soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
Emollient, texture enhancer
Skin-Identical Ingredient
Ceramide NP
A lipid that is naturally found in the skin barrier, helping to restore and maintain its function.
Usually helps with
Skin barrier repair, hydration
Emollient/Skin-Identical Ingredient
Cholesterol
A fatty alcohol that helps support the skin barrier and improve hydration.
Usually helps with
Skin barrier support, hydration
A mineral that adds shimmer and can help diffuse light.
Usually helps with
Luminosity, texture
Skin-Identical Ingredient
Ceramide NS
A type of ceramide that helps reinforce the skin barrier.
Usually helps with
Skin barrier repair
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Iron Ferment
A fermented mineral that can help improve skin vitality.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Copper Ferment
A fermented mineral that can help support skin health.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Silicon Ferment
A fermented mineral that can help improve skin texture.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Zinc Ferment
A fermented mineral that can help support skin health and barrier function.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning, barrier support
Humectant/Solvent
Butylene Glycol
A common humectant and solvent that helps improve product texture and hydration.
Usually helps with
Hydration, texture enhancement
Watch for
Can be irritating for some sensitive skin types.
Skin-Identical Ingredient
Ceramide AP
A type of ceramide that helps strengthen the skin barrier.
Usually helps with
Skin barrier repair
Skin-Identical Ingredient
Ceramide EOP
A type of ceramide that is crucial for skin barrier integrity.
Usually helps with
Skin barrier repair
Skin-Identical Ingredient
Ceramide EOS
A type of ceramide that works with cholesterol and fatty acids to maintain the skin barrier.
Usually helps with
Skin barrier repair
A form of Vitamin E that helps protect the skin from free radical damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Antioxidant/Soothing Agent
Olea Europaea (Olive) Leaf Extract
Contains antioxidants and has soothing properties.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection, calming
Skin-Identical Ingredient
Caprooyl Phytosphingosine
A synthetic ceramide that mimics natural ceramides to support skin barrier function.
Usually helps with
Skin barrier repair
Skin-Identical Ingredient
Caprooyl Sphingosine
A synthetic ceramide that helps improve skin barrier function and hydration.
Usually helps with
Skin barrier repair, hydration