The base of the formulation.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emollient/Occlusive
Dimethicone
A silicone that provides a smooth feel and helps to lock in moisture. It can be comedogenic for some.
Usually helps with
Dryness, smoothing skin texture
Watch for
Potential for clogged pores in acne-prone individuals
A common and effective humectant that draws water into the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types, hydration
Humectant/Solvent
Dipropylene Glycol
A solvent and humectant that can help improve product texture.
Usually helps with
Hydration, texture improvement
Watch for
Can be irritating in high concentrations
Emulsifier/Viscosity Agent
Dimethicone/PEG-10/15 Crosspolymer
A silicone-based ingredient that helps create a smooth texture and stabilize the formula.
Usually helps with
Texture enhancement
Humectant
Sodium Hyaluronate
The salt form of hyaluronic acid, known for its ability to attract and retain moisture.
Usually helps with
Hydration, plumping skin
Skin Conditioning Agent
Yeast Extract
Can offer antioxidant and skin-soothing benefits.
Usually helps with
Soothing, antioxidant support
Skin Conditioning Agent
Ceramide AP
A type of ceramide that helps restore and maintain the skin's natural barrier.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, moisture retention
Skin Conditioning Agent
Ceramide EOP
A type of ceramide that is crucial for skin barrier function.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, moisture retention
Skin Conditioning Agent
Ceramide EOS
A type of ceramide that supports skin barrier health.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, moisture retention
Skin Conditioning Agent
Ceramide NP
A common and effective ceramide that helps replenish the skin's barrier.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, moisture retention
Skin Conditioning Agent
Ceramide NS
A type of ceramide that helps strengthen the skin barrier.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, moisture retention
Antioxidant
Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract
Rich in antioxidants, it can help protect the skin from environmental damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
A component of the skin's natural moisturizing factor, it helps attract and retain moisture.
Usually helps with
Hydration
A form of Vitamin E, it provides antioxidant benefits and can help condition the skin.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection, skin conditioning
Humectant
Saccharide Isomerate
Also known as Pentavitin®, it provides long-lasting hydration by binding to the skin.
Usually helps with
Deep hydration
Skin Conditioning Agent
Caprooyl Phytosphingosine
A synthetic ceramide that helps support the skin barrier.
Usually helps with
Barrier support
Skin Conditioning Agent
Caprooyl Sphingosine
A synthetic ceramide that helps improve skin barrier function.
Usually helps with
Barrier support
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Iron Ferment
A fermented ingredient that can help condition and nourish the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Copper Ferment
A fermented ingredient that can offer skin-conditioning benefits.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Silicon Ferment
A fermented ingredient that can help condition the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Magnesium Ferment
A fermented ingredient that can provide skin-conditioning benefits.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Zinc Ferment
A fermented ingredient that can help condition the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Antioxidant
Olea Europaea (Olive) Leaf Extract
Contains antioxidants that can help protect the skin.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
A lipid that helps support the skin barrier and improve moisture retention.
Usually helps with
Barrier support, hydration
pH Adjuster/Exfoliant
Citric Acid
Used to adjust the pH of the product. In higher concentrations, it can act as an exfoliant.
Usually helps with
pH balance
Watch for
Potential for irritation at high concentrations
pH Adjuster
Sodium Citrate
Used to adjust the pH of the product.
Usually helps with
pH balance
Humectant
Methyl Gluceth-20
A moisturizing agent that helps attract and retain water.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Viscosity Agent
Sodium Chloride
Used to thicken the product.
Usually helps with
Product texture
A silicone that provides a light, non-greasy feel and helps with spreadability.
Usually helps with
Smooth application
Humectant/Solvent
Propylene Glycol
A common humectant and solvent that can help other ingredients penetrate the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Watch for
Can cause irritation in sensitive individuals
An emulsifier that helps blend oil and water ingredients.
Usually helps with
Product stability
Preservative
Potassium Sorbate
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Preservative
Sodium Benzoate
A preservative that helps prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
A fatty acid that helps to soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
Emollience
Humectant/Solvent
Butylene Glycol
A humectant that draws moisture to the skin and acts as a solvent.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Emulsifier/Surfactant
Lauryl PEG-9 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone
A silicone-based emulsifier that helps create a smooth texture.
Usually helps with
Texture enhancement
Emollient/Emulsifier
Cetyl Alcohol
A fatty alcohol that softens and smooths the skin, and helps stabilize the emulsion.
Usually helps with
Emollience, texture
Preservative Booster/Emollient
Ethylhexylglycerin
A skin-conditioning agent that can also boost the efficacy of preservatives.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning, preservation
A mineral that can add a subtle shimmer or provide opacity.
Usually helps with
Aesthetics
Preservative
Phenoxyethanol
A common preservative that helps prevent bacterial contamination.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can cause irritation in some individuals