The base of the formulation, dissolving other ingredients.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Draws moisture into the skin, keeping it hydrated and supple.
Usually helps with
Dryness, hydration
Emollient
caprylic/capric triglyceride
A lightweight emollient derived from coconut oil and glycerin, it helps to smooth and soften skin.
Usually helps with
Dryness, softening
Emollient
butyrospermum parkii (shea) butter
A rich emollient that moisturizes and soothes dry skin.
Usually helps with
Dryness, soothing
Emollient/Thickener
behenyl alcohol
A fatty alcohol that helps to thicken the formula and provide emollience.
Usually helps with
Softening
Humectant
xylitylglucoside
A derivative of xylitol, it helps to improve skin's moisture retention.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Helps improve skin barrier function, reduce inflammation, and minimize the appearance of pores.
Usually helps with
Oiliness, visible pores, uneven tone, barrier support
Watch for
Can cause flushing or irritation in sensitive individuals at higher concentrations.
A skin-identical lipid that provides lightweight hydration and improves skin elasticity.
Usually helps with
Dryness, hydration, elasticity
Emulsifier/Thickener
sodium acrylates copolymer
Helps to stabilize the emulsion and thicken the product.
Usually helps with
Texture
Peptide
acetyl tetrapeptide-2
A peptide that may help support skin firmness and elasticity.
Usually helps with
Firmness, elasticity
Peptide
palmitoyl heptapeptide-27
A peptide that may help support skin firmness and elasticity.
Usually helps with
Firmness, elasticity
Peptide
palmitoyl oligopeptide-78
A peptide that may help support skin firmness and elasticity.
Usually helps with
Firmness, elasticity
Peptide
palmitoyl octapeptide-24
A peptide that may help support skin firmness and elasticity.
Usually helps with
Firmness, elasticity
Preservative
phenoxyethanol
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth.
Usually helps with
Product stability
Watch for
Can be irritating for some individuals.
Works with xylitylglucoside to enhance skin hydration.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Humectant/Preservative Booster
1,2-hexanediol
A solvent and humectant that can also boost the efficacy of preservatives.
Usually helps with
Hydration, product stability
Emulsifier/Thickener
hydroxyethyl acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer
Helps to stabilize the emulsion and thicken the product.
Usually helps with
Texture
A sugar alcohol that helps to hydrate the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration
A phospholipid that helps to emulsify oil and water ingredients, and can also have skin-conditioning properties.
Usually helps with
Emulsion stability, skin conditioning
Emollient/Preservative Booster
ethylhexylglycerin
A skin-conditioning agent and preservative booster.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning, product stability
A simple sugar that can help attract and retain moisture.
Usually helps with
Hydration
A component of chamomile, known for its anti-inflammatory and soothing properties.
Usually helps with
Soothing, calming
Humectant
sodium hyaluronate
The salt form of hyaluronic acid, it attracts and holds moisture in the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration, plumping
A synthetic antioxidant that may help protect the skin from environmental damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Watch for
Limited long-term safety data.
An emulsifier that helps to blend oil and water ingredients.
Usually helps with
Texture, emulsion stability
Emulsifier
sorbitan isostearate
An emulsifier that helps to blend oil and water ingredients.
Usually helps with
Texture, emulsion stability
Humectant/Preservative Booster
caprylyl glycol
A humectant that also helps to preserve the product.
Usually helps with
Hydration, product stability
Antioxidant
euterpe oleracea fruit extract
Acai berry extract, rich in antioxidants that help protect skin from free radical damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Preservative
potassium sorbate
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth.
Usually helps with
Product stability
pH Adjuster/Exfoliant
citric acid
Used to adjust the pH of the formula and can provide mild exfoliation at higher concentrations.
Usually helps with
pH balance
Watch for
Can be irritating at high concentrations.
A preservative used to prevent microbial growth.
Usually helps with
Product stability
Exfoliant
lactic acid/glycolic acid copolymer
Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) that help to exfoliate the skin, revealing brighter, smoother skin.
Usually helps with
Exfoliation, brightness, texture
Watch for
Can increase sun sensitivity; may cause irritation.
A form of Vitamin E, it acts as an antioxidant to protect the skin from free radical damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Film Former
polyvinyl alcohol
Helps to form a film on the skin, which can provide a smooth feel.
Usually helps with
Texture
pH Adjuster
sodium hydroxide
Used to adjust the pH of the formula to ensure stability and efficacy.
Usually helps with
pH balance