The base liquid for the formulation.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A powerful AHA that exfoliates the skin, helping to improve texture, tone, and radiance. Can cause stinging or irritation for some.
Usually helps with
Dullness, uneven texture, fine lines
Watch for
Stinging, redness, peeling, especially for sensitive skin or with overuse.
pH Adjuster
Sodium Hydroxide
Used to adjust the pH of the formula, often to optimize the efficacy of acids.
Usually helps with
All skin types (in proper concentration)
Watch for
Can be irritating if pH is too high or low.
Solvent
Dipropylene Glycol
A solvent and humectant that can help other ingredients penetrate the skin. Can be a mild irritant for some.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Potential for mild irritation in sensitive individuals.
Soothing Agent
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice
Known for its soothing and hydrating properties, it can help calm the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially irritated or dry skin
Surfactant
Cocamidopropyl Betaine
A mild cleansing agent that can also act as a foam booster. Can be a contact allergen for some.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Potential for allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.
A humectant that draws moisture to the skin, improving hydration and texture.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A naturally derived humectant that helps skin retain moisture.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Humectant
Pentylene Glycol
A humectant that also has antimicrobial properties, helping to preserve the formula.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Also known as Vitamin B5, it's a humectant with soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dry or irritated
An Alpha-Hydroxy Acid (AHA) that helps exfoliate and brighten the skin. Can be mildly irritating.
Usually helps with
Dullness, uneven tone
Watch for
Mild stinging or irritation, especially in higher concentrations.
An AHA that aids in exfoliation and has antioxidant properties.
Usually helps with
Dullness, uneven tone
Watch for
Mild stinging or irritation.
Emollient
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride
A skin-conditioning agent derived from coconut oil and glycerin, it helps to replenish the skin's surface.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A Beta-Hydroxy Acid (BHA) that exfoliates inside pores, helping to clear congestion and reduce breakouts. Can be drying.
Usually helps with
Acne-prone skin, oily skin, blackheads
Watch for
Dryness, peeling, irritation, especially when combined with other exfoliants.
Humectant
Sodium Hyaluronate
A form of hyaluronic acid that attracts and holds moisture, plumping the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dry or dehydrated
A common thickening agent that also helps stabilize emulsions.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Preservative Booster
Ethylhexylglycerin
A skin-conditioning agent with antimicrobial properties, often used to enhance preservative efficacy.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Also known as CoQ10, it's an antioxidant that helps protect skin from environmental damage.
Usually helps with
Mature skin, all skin types
Chelating Agent
Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate
A chelating agent that helps improve the stability and performance of the formula.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Soothing Agent
Hydroxyphenyl Propamidobenzoic Acid
A synthetic compound that mimics avenanthramides found in oats, known for its soothing and anti-irritant properties.
Usually helps with
Sensitive skin, irritated skin
Antioxidant
Vaccinium Myrtillus Fruit Extract
Derived from blueberries, it's rich in antioxidants that help protect the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Exfoliant
Saccharum Officinarum (Sugarcane) Extract
A natural source of glycolic acid, it aids in exfoliation.
Usually helps with
Dullness, uneven texture
Watch for
Potential for mild irritation.
Preservative
Sodium Benzoate
A common preservative that prevents microbial growth. Can be irritating for some.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Potential for irritation or allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.
Preservative
Potassium Sorbate
A preservative used to inhibit the growth of mold, yeast, and fungi.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Antioxidant
Citrus Limon (Lemon) Fruit Extract
Contains Vitamin C and antioxidants, can have mild brightening and astringent properties. Can be photosensitizing.
Usually helps with
Dullness, oily skin
Watch for
Photosensitivity, potential for irritation.
Antioxidant
Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Fruit Extract
Rich in Vitamin C and antioxidants, can help brighten and protect the skin. Can be photosensitizing.
Usually helps with
Dullness, uneven tone
Watch for
Photosensitivity, potential for irritation.
Antioxidant
Ascorbyl Palmitate
A fat-soluble form of Vitamin C, it acts as an antioxidant.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Exfoliant
Acer Saccharum (Sugar Maple) Extract
A natural source of AHAs, contributing to exfoliation.
Usually helps with
Dullness, uneven texture
Watch for
Potential for mild irritation.
Antioxidant
Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate
A stable, water-soluble form of Vitamin C that acts as an antioxidant and can help brighten skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types, acne-prone skin
A classic humectant that draws water into the skin, keeping it hydrated and soft.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Derived from jojoba oil, these esters help to soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emollient
Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Wax
A wax derived from sunflower seeds, used to provide texture and emollience.
Usually helps with
All skin types
An essential fatty acid that helps maintain the skin barrier.
Usually helps with
All skin types
An essential fatty acid that helps maintain the skin barrier and improve hydration.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Vitamin E, a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects skin from oxidative stress.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Surfactant
Decyl Glucoside
A mild, plant-derived surfactant used for cleansing.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Thickener
Caesalpinia Spinosa Gum
A natural gum used as a thickening and stabilizing agent.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emollient
Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil
A rich emollient and antioxidant that helps moisturize and protect the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Antioxidant
Retinyl Palmitate
A milder form of Vitamin A, it acts as an antioxidant. Less potent than retinol for anti-aging.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Can cause mild irritation or photosensitivity in some individuals.
A humectant that helps attract moisture to the skin and improves product texture.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for very sensitive skin.
Thickener
Acacia Senegal Gum
A natural gum used as a thickening and stabilizing agent.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A humectant that also has antimicrobial properties, helping to preserve the formula.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A humectant that helps attract and retain moisture in the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emollient
Acacia Decurrens Flower Wax
A wax derived from acacia flowers, used to provide texture and emollience.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Preservative
Dehydroacetic Acid
A preservative that helps prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi.
Usually helps with
All skin types